Oooooooh boy, is it ever true that Annie Proulx's original short story and then its movie reflection were LOADED with symbols... from the very small on up.
First, I was struck by the "cowboy" image and its unusual dancing partner "cowboys in love"... the unusaul pairing is quite obvious in the movie. So on first glance it did look like it was "a gay cowboy movie", but it turns out to be much more.
Then, I was taken aback by "sheepherding"... sheepherding is shepherding which has a strongly biblical context. In the movie, on an analogous level, the movie asks us to think of society as herds of sheep... and conversely, think of our characters as being like sheeps or herds of sheeps. The forces of society (ie: homophobia, social norms, intolerance etc...) can be analogous to each herd owner. Now remember the accidental mixing of sheeps and the darndest time, Jack and Ennis had sorting the herds back apart... well, it resemble society's desire to maintain such social norms etc... Now consider that a problem that Jack and Ennis had were the brands on the sheep were worn down on some of them so that each herder ended up with either sheep that were not their own. Jack's and Ennis' boss did not like that and complained about it. He also did not like the fact that Jack and Ennis "stemmed the rose". It was a deliberate connection of social intolerance to undesired "mixing". It was like society saying to Jack and Ennis, you don't belong with us... so Jack and Ennis had to conform if they were to survive. Yet their love persists.
The shirts... those wonderful shirts, one inside the other... like one protecting the other, like one saying "I won't let go" to the other, like saying "we are one."... it is as symbolic as wedding banns. I also gathered from Annie Proulx that in some ways the shirts were also like "angel's wings folded"... another biblical reference to an image of spiritual redemption and sanctuary. The fact that the shirts were on a plain metal clothes hanger was enough to make me consider it like a "crude crucifix"... as if to acknowledge Jack's and Ennis' sacrifice.... especially in conjunction with a reference to a "nail" being used to "hang" the shirts... and if we were to simply say that the shirts represents Jack's & Ennis' love, then what did Ennis mean as he sees "Love on a crucifix" by "Jack, I swear..."? I don't think Jack was like Jesus, but I think the symbolism represents a sacrifice that needs to be acknowledged and Ennis' is swearing to acknowledge it.... to acknowledge the love they had.
Brokeback Mountain, the valleys and streams... again reference to "and though I walk through the valley of death" from Psalm 23, I believe... the movie is deeply spiritual yet it deals with a subject that we know is not a favourite with our religious institutions. Jack and Ennis were happiest and at their most vulnerable within these "natural" settings that there is the connection that this private love is Jack's and Ennis' "natural love"... the force of nature working through them.
I could go on... but I thought I would let you know about some of the wonders that I found in BBM... little things that mean a whole MOUNTAIN of things.
Peace,
Frank